Question

Why would excessive insulin lead to a shutdown of BOTH amino acid and fatty acid metabolism?

Answer 1

Thus, an increase in fatty acid generation will increase glucose uptake by the cells. Insulin further regulates this process by dephosphorylating and subsequently inhibiting hormone-sensitive lipase, leading to inhibition of lipolysis. Ultimately, insulin decreases serum free fatty acid level

Insulin inhibits breakdown of fat in adipose tissue by inhibiting the intracellular lipase that hydrolyzes triglycerides to release fatty acids. Insulin facilitates entry of glucose into adipocytes, and within those cells, glucose can be used to synthesize glycerol.

Insulin promotes the storage of fat in adipose tissue through 3 mechanisms. -

1. It inhibits lipolysis,

2. promotes glucose uptake, lipogenesis and re-esterification of free fatty acids and

3. increases the activity of lipoprotein lipase, which causes the lipoproteins of the blood to enter the adipose tissue.