Question

a) Hall's b) Hofstede's c) Trompenaars d) GLOBE

What impact do they have on Leadership?

How are they the same?

How are they different?

Answer 1

Leadership and the culture have the deep interrelation. The cross-cultural models or theories explains this very well.

1. Hall's – Halls describes the culture into two context such as high and low. In high context, there more number of elements which as a result taken for granted. This actually confuses the people. Another one is low context. In the low context, very little is taken for granted so more explanations are needed and less chances of misunderstanding.
2. Hofstede's – Hofstede uses the five dimensions of the cultures so as to compare culture to understand leaders that the adjustment of the leadership style accordingly. These dimensions are individualism/collectivism, feminine/masculine, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term/short-term orientation.
3. Trompenaars – Trompenaars actually compares the different dimensions of culture such are universalism vs Particularism, analyzing vs Integrating, Individualism vs Communitarianism, Inner-directed vs Outer directed, Time as a sequence or synchronization, Equality or Hierarchy and Achieved status vs Ascribed Status.
4. GLOBE – Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) incorporated Hofstede and ILT dimensions into one unique factor. This has given nine dimensions of uncertainty avoidance, power distance, collectivism such are

            Collectivism I: societal collectivism,

            Collectivism II: in-group collectivism, gender egalitarianism, assertiveness,

                                      future orientation, performance orientation and humane orientation

They all impacted the leadership as they defined the individual traits in the culture which the person has with them. They actually create the environment or team around them by collecting the similar factors in the individual. They enhance the leadership style by combination of the various dimensions. This would actually make the leaders to understand the diverse aspects of the culture among the individual.

They are same as their aspects are same. They actually segregate the traits of the individual among the society. They describe or segregates the individuals for the better understanding of the people and the culture. So once the cultural aspects are known by the leader he may effectively lead the team.

They different as they uniquely characterize the dimensions of the people. So, each dimension collects the modularity or granularity concepts of the individual. All the components are different with some difference or variations in it.