Question

Name one antibiotic that interferes with protein synthesis and explain how it does so.

Answer 1

• Antibiotics interrupt in translation or protein synthesis process of microbes and inhibit their growth.
Mechanisms of protein synthesis inhibitors :-
1. Inhibition of attachment of tRNA.
2. Inhibition of peptide bond formation.
3. Inhibition translocation of tRNA..
4. Causing misreading of mRNA.

Antibiotic :- Tetracycline.
Mechanism of action - Protein synthesis inhibition.
• This drug inhibits initiation of protein synthesis.
• It binds to 30s ribosome and inhibits binding of aminoacyl tRNA to acceptor site mRNA. Now, there translation complex will be not formed and protein synthesis stopped.
• After protein synthesis inhibition, now microbe is unable to infect healthy body cells and infection is cured.
• Tetracycline is used in various bacterial infection of respiratory tract, urinary tract and other organs.