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ORGANIC CHEMISTRY You have 0.10 g benzoic acid and you add 2.0ml of diethyl ether, then...

ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

You have 0.10 g benzoic acid and you add 2.0ml of diethyl ether, then you add 1.0ml of 5% NaOH.

If you want to get rid completly of any water molecules, you first add 1.0 mL of NaCl, and after you add a small amounth of anhydrous sodium sulfate (drying agent).

Show complete chemical reactions with arrow formalisms for both reactions with NaCl and Na2SO4.

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Answer #1

NaCl(s) + H2O(l) Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq) + H2O(l)  

This is the reaction involved when NaCl (or often brine solution is used) added to increase the polarity of aqueous layer (traces amonut of water) remaining while washing. This will increase solubility of organic solute in organic phase by decreasing solubility of organic solute in aqueous phase. Thus washing with brine is not just only for drying of organic phase but also for enhancing the extraction efficiency and breaking the emulsion is formed.

Anhydrous Na2SO4(s) + 10 H2O(l) Na2SO410 H2O(s)

Anhydrous sodium sulphate is added to take out any traces of water present in organic solvent.

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