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a) What is the main difference between N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetyl muramic acid? b) What type of...

a) What is the main difference between N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetyl muramic acid?


b) What type of biomolecule is peptidoglycan and is it found in humans?


c) What type of biomolecule is lysozyme and what type of reaction does it catalyze? Explain.


d) Which bond of peptidoglycan do you expect to be cleaved by lysozyme?

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Answer #1

1- the key difference between NAG and NAM is that the N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) does not have a pentapeptide attached to it while the N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) has a pentapeptide attached to it. in NAG, a amide is attached between glucosamine and acetic acid whereas in NAM an ether of lactic acid n- acetly glucosamine is present

2- Peptidyl amino acids. Human cells do not make or need peptidoglycan. ..

3- Lysozyme, a 15-kDa single chain protein, lyses susceptible bacteria by hydrolyzing β-1,4 linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and 2-acetylamino-2-deoxy-d-glucose residues in cell walls. High concentrations of lysozyme are in human milk throughout lactation.

4-Lysozyme is a glycoside hydrolase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan, which is the major component of gram-positive bacterial cell wall.

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