Question

Characterize between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Answer 1

Prokaryotes lack nucleus while eukaryotes have true nucleus (bound in double layer membrane) in their cells.

Prokaryotes are unicellular (single cell entity) while eukaryotes may be multicellular.

Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles while eukaryotes have membrane-bound organelles which are independent of plasma membrane. Examples of such organelles are mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, etc.

Prokaryotes are smaller in size than eukaryotes.

Prokaryotic ribosomes are composed of only three kinds of rRNA and about fifty kinds of protein. A eukaryotic ribosome is composed of five kinds of rRNA and about eighty kinds of proteins.

Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have ribosomes for protein synthesis, and DNA which controls how the organism acts, behaves, and looks. Also, both the cells have cell membranes made of phospholipid chains with cholesterol and proteins crammed in between.