Question

I have a urinary analysis that I am working on
patient info: 12 yrs old, losing weight, always hungry, getting up twice to use the bathroom
Physical exam:
respirations: 15/min
BP: 125/80mmHg
Pulse: 75/min
temp:37C
BLood values:
pH:735
WBC: 8200/mm
blood glucose: 260 mg/dL
albumin: 4.0g/L
Urinalysis
pH: 5.0
glucose: 1,00mg/dL
ketone: large
specifc gravity: 1.006
leukocytes, nitrite, protein: negative
color: light yellow, clear

Question: why is the young girl getting up to go the bathroom every night? explain using anatomy and physiolgy

Answer 1

According to the given clinical data, the young can be diagnosed as diabetic ketoacidosis. Because of increased blood glucose levels, increased glucose levels in the urine, ketones positive in the urine and acidic ph due to ketones.

Diabetic ketoacidosis is due to decreased insulin levels in the blood .

In diabetic ketoacidosis, due to increased blood glucose levels glucose is filtered across glomerulus but not reabsorbed completely in the proximal convoluted tubules of nephron. Unabsorbed glucose levels in the lumen of the nephron creates osmotic force and absorbs  water in to lumen of nephron. So there will be increased urine formation. Therefore the patient is having increased frequency of urination.