A sex role mechanism is an effect of polygyny and polyandry. It is the effect of excess secretion of hormones in males and females leading to the development of dominancy in characters. It shows a dominant effect during choosing an opposite partner during mating. Sex selection is more in species which invests less in the offspring. It is the role of parental investment described by Robert Trivers in 1972. Sexual selection is more in an individual who allocates less resources and facilities for formation of offspring. Energy formation is less during production of sperm as compared to the production of eggs. This explains the process that the production of male gametes is more as compared to the female egg production. The example includes the Kiwi bird and sea horses. In hyenas the female reproductive organ called as c'litoris is enlarged to give the appearance of a male penis due to excessive secretion of male reproductive hormones in the females. The example includes the mating behavior in the species of cave insects called as Neutrogla curvata. During copulation female collects the sperms present in the body of the male for fertilizing the eggs.
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