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Identify the number assigned to each carbon of ribose and deoxyribose sugar in a nucleotide and...

Identify the number assigned to each carbon of ribose and deoxyribose sugar in a nucleotide and the significance of the 1’, 3’, and 5’ carbon.

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Answer #1

Numbering of carbon in ribose and deoxyribose sugars -
• Carbon number on sugar ring are given according to IUPAC rules.

Significance :-
• 1' carbon - this is the carbon which forms bond with nitrogenous base in nucleotide.
• 3' carbon - a hydroxyl group is attached to this carbon.
• 5' carbon - a phosphate group is attached to this carbon.
• Hydroxyl group of 3' carbon and phosphate group of 5' carbon forms phosphodiester bond and helps in formation of polynucleotide chain
• There 3' and 5' carbon are also used in deciding polarity of polynucleotide chains.
• Polynucleotide end which has 3' carbon with free hydroxyl group is named as 3' end of polynucleotide chain.
• Polynucleotide end which as 5' carbon with free phosphate group is named as 5' end of polynucleotide chain.

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