Question

Discuss a) "gene-protein" relationship (10)
             b) protein sequencing (10)
             c) Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation. (10)

Answer 1

a.

Protein is the molecule that is composed of several amino acids. The function of a gene is also associated with the sequence of amino acids. All the enzymes are protein in nature so, their function is also control by the sequence of amino acid. At the genetic level the sequence of amino acids control by the genes. Any mutation in the gene will directly affect the protein structure and its functions. So, this is how gene and protein relate to each other.

b.

Protein sequencing is the process of determining the sequence of amino acid of a protein. This technique usually used to identify the post-translational modifications. Edman degradation and mass spectrometry are two major and direct methods of the protein sequencing.