Hypoglossus muscle is one of the four extrinsic muscles of the tongue, the other being, styloglossus, palataglossus and genioglossus,this muscle is present in the side of the tongue, between the styloglossus and the inferior longitudinal muscle of the tongue. It forms a part of the floor of submandibular triangle. Their main functions are altering the tongue's position allowing for protrusion, retraction, and side-to-side movement.
Hypoglossus muscle arises from the hyoid bone and retracts and depresses the tongue
The hypoglossus muscle often includes chondroglossus muscle.
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