Question

how to determine the claim in Ho or Ha?

Answer 1

In Null Hypothesis Ho, we assume a claim to be true at first. Then we study all evidences related to it. If we can find convincing evidences so that we can reject the claim then only we can determine that the claim is false, otherwise the claim is considered to be true.

Alternatively, in Alternative Hypothesis Ha, initial claim is assumed to be false at first. Then we study all evidences to determine whether it is false or not. Unless we find data supporting it is convincing otherwise, we consider this to be false as per initial assumption.