Question

explain in detail about

1. Belladona alkaloids mechanism of action, pharmacological action and acute belladonna poisoning

Answer 1

# Belladona alkaloids Mechanism of action, pharmacological action :-

The active components of belladonna act as competitive antagonists at muscarinic receptors and block the binding of acetylcholine to the central nervous system and parasympathetic postganglionic muscarinic receptors .

The active components of belladonna mediate anticholinergic actions. Atropine has limited affects on the CNS, whereas scopolamine has prominent central effects due to greater passage through the blood–brain barrier.

- Belladonna alkaloids belong to a class of drugs known as anticholinergics/antispasmodics.

Belladonna alkaloids help to reduce the symptoms of stomach and intestinal cramping. They work by slowing the natural movements of the gut and by relaxing the muscles in the stomach and intestines.

# Acute belladonna poisoning :-

Atropa belladonna acute intoxication is a severe condition, Atropine and related belladonna alkaloids exert their toxic action by binding to muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the nervous system.

Belladonna alkaloids are poisonous constituents of the Atropa belladonna plant, commonly called deadly nightshade.

belladonna poisoning a severe toxic condition due to accidental or determined overdosage of belladonna.(Some herbal remedies and over the counter medications have it as an ingredient, or the plant or parts of it may be ingested.) Symptoms include dryness of the mouth, thirst, dilated pupils, flushed skin or rash on the face, neck, and upper trunk, tachycardia, fever, delirium, and stupor.

The treatment is mainly symptomatic including gastrointestinal decontamination with activated charcoal.