Question

discuss the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2

Answer 1

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which insulin-producing cells are destroyed by the autoimmune cells. As a result, there will not be enough insulin in the body. The absence of insulin in the body creates an accumulation of blood sugar and body will not use glucose for energy.Also, high amount of blood sugar causes increase urination,thirst and appetite and dehydration.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus caused by genetic factors as wellas environment factors like obesity, lack of exercise,stress. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance,hyperglycemia and impairment in insulin production.Autoantigens destroys insulin producing beta cells and decrease insulin secretion and this causes hyperglycemia.As a result of obesity,stress, insulin resistance happens in muscles which leads to decrease glucose reuptake and hyperglycemia.