Question

Identify a peer-reviewed study on the treatment of psychotic disorders. (can include the use of antipsychotics, therapies, or a combination of the two). Write a brief summary of the study and the use in evidence-based practice.

Answer 1

1) This qualitative research study focused specifically on families of recent onset schizophrenia patients, in particular their perspective on the trajectory of symptoms leading up to treatment for a first episode of psychosis, their explanatory models for such behavioural changes, and their efforts to cope and seek help.
Medical Treatment Of Psychosis
It’s important to get treated early, after the first episode of psychosis. That will help keep the symptoms from affecting your relationships, work, or school. It may also help you avoid more problems down the road.You doctor may recommend coordinated specialty care (CSC). This is a team approach to treating schizophrenia when the first symptoms appear. It combines medicine and therapy with social services and work and education support. The family is involved as much as possible.What your doctor recommends will depend on the cause of your psychosis.Your doctor will prescribe antipsychotic drugs -- in pills, liquids, or shots -- to ease your symptoms. They’ll also suggest you avoid using drugs and alcohol.You might need to get treated in a hospital if you’re at risk of harming yourself or others, or if you can't control your behavior or do your daily activities. The doctor will check your symptoms, look for causes, and suggest the best treatment for you.Some clinics and programs offer help just for young people.

Psychotherapy
Counseling, along with medicines, can also help manage psychosis.

Cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT) can help you recognize when you have psychotic episodes. It also helps you figure out whether what you see and hear is real or imagined. This kind of therapy also stresses the importance of antipsychotic medications and sticking with your treatment.
Supportive psychotherapyhelps you learn to live with and manage psychosis. It also teaches healthy ways of thinking.
Cognitive enhancement therapy (CET) uses computer exercises and group work to help you think and understand better.
Family psychoeducation and support involves your loved ones. It helps you bond and improves the way you solve problems together.
Coordinated specialty care (CSC) creates a team approach in treating psychosis when it’s first diagnosed. CSC combines medication and psychotherapy with social services and work and education support.
Uses Of :-

1.Antipsychotics:-
Antipsychotic drugs don't cure psychosis but they are often effective in reducing and controlling many symptoms, including: delusions and hallucinations, such as paranoia and hearing voices. anxiety and serious agitation, for example from feeling threatened.
2. Therapies :- Many people use complementary
therapies to: Reduce the side effects of cancer treatment. Improve their physical and emotional well-being.

2) The conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of the individual patient” is a standard definition of Evidence-based Practice(EBP).EBP is important because it aims to provide the most effective care that is available, with the aim of improving patient outcomes. Patients expect to receive the most effective care based on the best available evidence.This definition of EBM requires integration of three major components for medical decision making: 1) the best external evidence, 2) individual practitioner's clinical expertise, and 3) patients' preference.Evidence-based practice for researchers concentrates on the types, quality, and conduct of research studies that gather evidence that may be informative for clinical practice or clinical decision making. It also involves the process of gathering and synthesizing scientific evidence from various sources and translating it to be applied to clinical practice.
Study Designs that Gather Evidence
The design of a study has great impact on the trustworthiness of its results and hence, the level of scientific evidence it can provide. Various entities have come up with a hierarchical system for grading levels of scientific evidence based on the strengths and weaknesses of various study designs. In general, the highest level of evidence that can inform clinical practice comes from randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews or meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. However, in some cases other study designs (cohort, case-control, cross-sectional, case studies, etc.) can also provide information useful for clinical decision-making. Below is a list of common study designs and the situations in which they may best be used to inform clinical

Data bases :- Finding and Interpreting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.Finding, interpreting, and applying information from individual randomized controlled trials or systematic reviews and meta-analyses to your clinical practice is a crucial part of evidence based practice. Researchers also need ready access to the most up to date research in clinical practice to assess gaps and areas with high need for further investigation.

Evaluation Tools

The type of study design and how a study is executed, data analyzed and reported all play an integral role in the overall study quality and its ability to inform scientific evidence. A variety of different study quality rating tools and systems to rate the level of evidence exist. A sample of tools and level of evidence scales are below.