correct answer is (B)
formalization refers to the written documentation of rules, procedures and policies to guide behavior and decision making. It is used to simplify jobs.
when formalization is low, job behaviors are relatively non-programmed and employees have great deal of freedom to exercise discretion in their work. The greater the formalization, less input the employee has into his work is to be done.
Formalization brings vertical coordination by specifying expected behaviors in advance
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