Question

Explain the various methods of intelligence collection,

specifically human intelligence and signals intelligence.

Answer 1

SOLUTION:- The various methods of intelligence collection are given below:-

(1) Human Intelligence (HUMINT):- It is a classification of intelligence obtained through information collected and conferred by human sources. In other words, we can say that Human Intelligence is the assembly of information through human communication. The source operations of HUMINT are given below: (a) Debriefing: Inquiry of consenting person for example: aircrew (b) Interrogation: Cross-examination of CPERS i.e., captured persons (c) Contact handling: It cannot be employed (since, instituted relationships). (d) Agent handling: Recruitment, training, controlling and can be employed in order to get information.

(2) Signals Intelligence (SIGINT):- It is a classification of intelligence that comprises transmissions connected with communications, radars, & weapons systems utilized by our opponents. In other words, we can say that Signals Intelligence is the assembly of electronic communications information such as phone conversations or communications data. The main benefits of it such as wisdom to plans, intentions regarding sizable material, Military targets be disposed in order to communicate in regular patterns and it can be executed remotely.

(3) Measurement and Signature Intelligence (MASINT):- It is a classification of intelligence that make reference to the information collected by sensors developed in order to record distinct characteristics of a target. MASINT is the information generated via quantitative & qualitative analysis of physical attributess of targets and incidents for characterization & identification of it. It is be executed utilitarian for dissemination and it such

(4) Imagery Intelligence (IMINT):- Imagery Intelligence is intelligence obtained through the exploitation of collection via visual photographic mechanism, infrared sensors, lasers, electro-optics, and radar senssors such as synthetic aperture radar in which images of objects are regenerated optically or electronically on film, electronic display devices.

(5) Open Source Intelligence (OSINT):- Open Source Information is obtained through newspapers, journals, radio and television, & the internet.

(6) COMINT:- Communications Intelligence is intelligence obtained from the interception of foreign communications, excepting open radio and television broadcasts. It is a subset of Signals Intelligence.

(7) FISINT:- Foreign Instrumentation Signals Intelligence is the technical information & intelligence obtained through the intercept of foreign electro-magnetic emissions connected with the testing & operational deployment of non-US aerospace, surface and subsurface systems. FISINT is a sub-classification of signals intelligence. Foreign instrumentation signals comprise but are not limited to telemetry, beaconry, electronic interrogators, and video data links.

(8) ELINT:- Electronic Intelligence is technical & geolocation intelligence obtained through foreign non-communications electro-magnetic radiation originating through detonations/radioactive sources.

(9) ACINT:- Acoustic Intelligence is intelligence obtained through the collection & processing of acoustical occurrence. (10) Geospatial Intelligence (GEOINT):- Delineating of location physical features and people activities on Earth. Examples of Geospatial Intelligence products comprise imagery, analyses, maps, and navigation charts and Geospatial Intelligence data is gathered via satellites, planes, UAVS, and persons with cameras. It is beneficial for Graphic and compelling, Familiar to policy-makers, confer ready availability of few targets and it can be executed remotely.

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