Explain on the basis of structure why the products of the saponification reaction are soluble in water whereas the starting fart is insoluble.
Consider saponification reaction:
Products or saponification reaction are glycerol and soap, lets check some caracteristics of each one to solve the question.
Glycerol. Is a polyol compound. hydroxyl groups can form hidrogen bonds, for this reason this molecule is soluble in water.
Soap. As you can see is a compound that has in their structure sodium (Na+) becoming this molecule into soluble because in water ions can be separate by anion and cation.
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Fat. Is a Triglyceride derived from glycerol and three fatty acids. This molecule is non polar, (like oil, it is not soluble in water) but it is in soluble in non polar molecules ( like some tipes of organc solvent).
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