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Prepare a separation scheme for Ba2+, Al3+, Ag+, and Fe3+. Include equations for all reactions in...

Prepare a separation scheme for Ba2+, Al3+, Ag+, and Fe3+. Include equations for all reactions in each step of the scheme.

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Answer #1

Separation of metal cations

Mixture Ba2+, Al3+, Ag+, Fe3+

1) add dilute HCl

AgCl precipitates out as white solid

Ag+ + Cl- <==> AgCl (s)

Separate the precipitate from filtrate

2) Next add NH4OH and H2S

Fe3+ precipitates out as Fe(OH)3 reddish brown color

Fe3+ + NH3 + 3H2O <==> Fe(OH)3 (s) + 3NH4+

Al3+ precipitates out as Al(OH)3 white color

Al3+ + 3NH3 + 3H2O <==> Al(OH)3 (s) + 3NH4+

Al(OH)3 eventually dissolves by forming Al(OH)4- ion

Separate the precipitate from filtrate

3) Finally add NH4CO3 (aq)

Ba2+ precipitates out as carbonate

Ba2+ + CO3^2- <==> BaCO3 (s)

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