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What commonalities are shared by DNA barcodes (genes) used across plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria? Discuss...

What commonalities are shared by DNA barcodes (genes) used across plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria? Discuss concisely.

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Answer #1

1) A DNA barcode is a single or set of genes, used as an identification marker to identify the species of the marker 's origin.

There is an important rule to be followed when selecting genes to be a barcode. It is called the barcode gap and it posits that we need to choose markers with high intraspecies variation and low interspecies variation. Therefore we will be able to differentiate between the species of the organism. Amongst the different kingdoms, barcodes are chosen from kingdom or phylum specific genes as a mode of identification. The entire phyla or kingdom has it, but it varies between species. Examples of barcodes used are given below.

  • Cytochrome oxidase for animals
  • Rubisco for plants
  • 16sRNA for prokaryotes
  • 18sRNA for microbial eukaryotes.

Only those phyla or kingdom have these genes, but they vary amongst the different species, enough to identify.

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