It is not uncommon to find different varieties of the same species of garden flower in which the different varieties have a different petal colors. Sometimes, they contain the same colored compound at the same concentration in each variety. The difference between the varieties is in the relative activity of one specific enzyme. What is the class of compounds, what is the enzyme, and why are the colors different?
Class of compounds affected by this enzyme are Anthocyanins. These are the most common flavonoid pigments in nature providing the plants with colors ranging from orange, pink, red, magenta, purple, and blue to blue-black.
UGFT enzyme (UDP-glucose: flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase) is involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and causes formation of anthocyanins.
Petal colors of different varieties of flowers of same species are different because of differential expression pattern of UGFT gene.
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