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Briefly describe the two mechanisms eukaryotes use to ensure the proper amino acid is incorporated into...

Briefly describe the two mechanisms eukaryotes use to ensure the proper amino acid is incorporated into the growing peptide chain

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There are two mechanisms by which eukaryotes ensure the proper amino acid is incorporated into the growing peptide chain. The first mechanism is lead by an enzyme called Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase. It is also known as tRNA ligase and it catalyses the attachment of a specific amino acid by using aminoacyl adenylate intermediate. This intermediate will transfer the amino acid to the 3' end of cognate tRNA. In the second mechanism, the tRNA attach their amino acids to the mRNA in a an order determined by attraction between the anticodon in the tRNA and it's complementary nucleotide triplet called codon present in the mRNA. So by this attraction between codon and anticodon, the amino acid in the tRNA get incorporated into the mRNA and causes the growth of the polypeptide chain.

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