List five crystals and five cells/casts listed above.(10)
Urine crystals are the crystals found in the urine due to increased amount of minerals in the urine. Some of the common urinary crystals are :
1. urate crystals formed from uric acid deposits.
2. calcium oxalate crystals composed of calcium salts.
3. struvite crystals formed of ammonia, phosphate, magnesium and calcium.
4. cystine crystals formed due to excess secretion of cystine in
urine.
5. Billirubin crystals
Pathological conditions of kidney results in presence of acellular and cellular casts in the urine. Some of the common casts found in urie are :
1. red blood cell cast found in urine during urinary tract infection
2. white blood cell cast
3. hyaline cast
4. bacterial cast
5. epithelial cast
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