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Discuss the energy of a magnetic dipole/magnetic field system.

Discuss the energy of a magnetic dipole/magnetic field system.

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Here we will discuss the potential energy of a magnetic dipole in a magnetic field. When the magnetic moment of the dipole is not aligned with the magnetic fields the magnetic dipole will be under an external torque, which will be exerted in such a way so that the magnetic moment is aligned with the magnetic fields. This torque is one due to which the magnetic dipole has a potential energy.

Let the magnetic moment be and the magnetic fields be . The torque generated de to the mislignement will be given by,

The potential energy of the system is due to the work done by the torque to align it wilth the magnetic field. Let the initial misalignment be . Then, the potential energy is given by,

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