Question

What compensatory measures does the body employ in an attempt to restore cardiac output? What are the effect of these compensatory measures?

Answer 1

Decreasing cardiac output means, there will be reduction of blood supply to body parts. So at this time body takes various measures to compensate that. They are

The nervous system:when brain recognize body not getting enough blood, then sympathetic nervous system releases catecholamines into blood that will cause blooblood vessels to constrict and speed up heartveate. Same time arteries supplieng brain and vital organs dilate to carry enough blood.

Hormones:

When body thinks, it need more fluids in blood vessels, , then it releases more chemicals, ex renin, angiotensin, aldosterone. That cause blood vessel to constrict. This hormones causes retention if sodium and water . This fluid become parts of curculatirt system.

Heart:heart goal is to compensate cardiac output. Herat tries by ? beat faster( increase heart rate) ?pump more blood with each beat(increase stroke volume)