1. what is the calculation of the Fourier transform of a signal
in both cases: periodic and aperiodic.
2. Find the formula of the Fourier transform of a rectangular
signal of amplitude A and of period T.
3. How do elongations of the harmonics of the square wave evolve
according to their index?
Here's the answer for question 1.
The main drawback of Fourier series is, it is only applicable to periodic signals. There are some naturally produced signals such as non-periodic or aperiodic, which we cannot represent using Fourier series. To overcome this , Fourier developed a mathematical model to transform signals between time domain to frequency domain & vice versa, which is called 'Fourier transform'.
Fourier transform has many applications in physics and engineering such as analysis of LTI systems, RADAR, astronomy, signal processing etc.
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