Question

Data struc. and algo. with C++ class........

1. How is encapsulation used to facilitate programming? Give a code example and discuss what needs to be done without encapsulation in place (without encapsulation)?

Answer 1

Solution:

In general terms, encapsulation is defined as wrapping up of information and data in a single unit.

For example, In an organization suppose three departments are there, IT, HR and sales, so here an employee within the department will have access to a certain amount of information based on the privilege which he/she got.

Suppose an employee from IT requires a piece of information about his/her details, then he/she will ask the HR about this (for example salary breakout for filing taxes and all).

code:

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class Enc
{
   private:
       //This data is set private so that it is hidden
       int data;
      
   public:
//The method is set public so anyone can access it
       void setData(int num)
       {
data =num;
       }
      
//This mehod is to return the value of data
       int getData()
       {
           return data;
       }
};

// main method or driver program
int main()
{
   Enc obj; //intantiating the object
  
   obj.setData(5);
  
   cout<<obj.getData();
   return 0;
}

Output:

5

Explanation:

Since the variable data's access modifier is private, this means that only methods within the class can access it, which makes getData(), and setData, binded with x which is nothing but encapsulation.

code without encapsulation:

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class Enc
{
   public:
       //This data is set private so that it is hidden
       int data;
      
   public:
//The method is set public so anyone can access it
       void setData(int num)
       {
data =num;
       }
      
//This mehod is to return the value of data
       int getData()
       {
           return data;
       }
};

// main method or driver program
int main()
{
   Enc obj; //intantiating the object
  
   obj.setData(5);
  
   cout<<obj.getData();
   return 0;
}

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