Question

Name 5 qualitative differences (that is, differences at are known at the user interface, and that...

Name 5 qualitative differences (that is, differences at are known

at the user interface, and that a user can readily appreciate) between

the Unix file system and the FAT file system. FAT is the PC-DOS

file system and is now used on SD cards and thumb drives.

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Answer #1

Five qualitative differences between the Unix file system and the FAT (PC-DOS) file system (now used on SD cards and thumb drives) known at the user interface, and a user readily appreciates:

Unix file system:
* Version 6 Unix file system (V6FS) does not support the following OSs: DOS, Windows 9x, Windows NT, "classic Mac OS, macOS, FreeBSD, OS/2, BeOS, Minix, Solaris, and z/OS.
* Version 7 Unix file system (V7FS) does not support the following OSs: DOS, Windows 9x, Windows NT, "classic Mac OS, FreeBSD, OS/2. It supports only Linux.
* FFS does not support the following OSs: DOS, Windows 9x. It supports macOS and FreeBSD.
* UFS1 does not support the following OSs: DOS, Windows 9x. It supports macOS, Solaris, and FreeBSD.
* UFS2 does not support the following OSs: DOS, Windows 9x. It supports Linux, macOS, and FreeBSD.
* UFS is good for the root filesystem, however, is not good for trading files between different Unix-like OSs implementing UFS incompatibly.
* Linux Second Extended Filesystem (ext2, ext3 or ext4). ext2 is the main filesystem and root filesystem for Linux.
* There are other notable UNIX file systems.
* HFS+ is the main filesystem and root filesystem for Mac OS X.
* Linux uses a variety of file systems, which could be confusing to the users, except the Linux administrators, Linux lovers, and developers.
* Version 6 Unix file system (V6FS) has a maximum file size limit of 16 MiB and a maximum volume size of 32 MiB.
* On the other hand, Version 7 Unix file system (V6FS) has a maximum file size limit of 1 GiB and maximum volume size of 2 TiB.
* Version 6 Unix file system (V6FS) does not provide filesystem-level encryption.
* Version 7 Unix file system (V7FS) does not provide filesystem-level encryption.
* exFAT does not provide filesystem-level encryption.
* ext3 does not provide experimental filesystem-level encryption.
* However, ext4 does provide experimental filesystem-level encryption.


FAT (PC-DOS) file system:
* Yes, exFAT (Extended File Allocation Table) is one of the file systems from Microsoft, optimized for flash memory, for example, USB flash drives and SD cards. It supports the below OSs:  
Windows Embedded CE 6.0, Windows XP (including x64) SP2 and later, Windows Server 2003 SP2, Windows Vista SP1 and later, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2008 R2, Linux, Mac OS X 10.6.5 and later, and some Android OS devices.
It provides a greater file-size limit than the FAT32 file system.
* FAT12 supports the following OSs: DOS, Windows 9x, Windows NT, Linux, "classic Mac OS, macOS, FreeBSD, OS/2, BeOS, Minix is partially supported, and Solaris.
* FAT16 and FAT32 supports the following OSs: DOS, Windows 9x, Windows NT, Linux, "classic Mac OS, macOS, FreeBSD, OS/2, BeOS, and Solaris.

* FAT, FAT8, FAT12, FAT16, FAT32, and exFAT file systems are more common and familiar to the users and home users than the UNIX's file systems These file systems are developed for home purpose computers. These are used on Windows and storage media running on Android and other devices. FAT32 best suits removable flash drives and other USB interface-based storage forms. These removable flash drives and memory cards can also be formatted with the exFAT file system. FAT or FAT32 File System is the oldest and the most experienced file system.

FAT32 supports files of size up to 4GB to be stored and the maximum disk size to be 16TB. For users, this file system is implemented in computers, like gaming consoles, HDTVs, DVD & Blu-Ray players, and other devices with a USB port.

Digital cameras use exFAT. High capacity SDXC memory cards are pre-formatted with the exFAT file system, as it is lighter and supports file of sizes more than 4GB.

MS-DOS is compatible with FAT12, FAT16, and FAT32 file systems. Most users are aware of FAT and NTFS file systems and their working as these file systems are used mostly on the Windows client machine operating system.

From the security perspective, only a limited number of tools are available to be used on Windows. Whereas, there a number of UNIX based recovery tools available for Linux file systems. On the other hand, from the usability and familiarity perspectives, users go with FAT and even it is set as the default.

FAT32 is cross-platform compatible and lightweight. exFAT provides unlimited file size and partition size, however, there is a Microsoft restriction for its usage by license obligations.
* exFAT has a maximum file size limit of 16 EiB and maximum volume size of 64 ZiB.
* FAT32/FAT32X has a maximum file size limit of 4 GiB and maximum volume size of 512 MiB to 16 TiB.
* FAT32 / FAT32X does not provide filesystem-level encryption.

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