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Define complexation equilibrium. How can adding ammonium hydroxide to a saturated solution of silver chloride be...

Define complexation equilibrium. How can adding ammonium hydroxide to a saturated solution of silver chloride be used to increase the concentration of dissolved silver?
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The complexation equilibrium involves the equilibrium for the formation of metal complex from metal ion and ligands. Ligands donate empty electrons to metal ion and form complex. The metal ion and the ligands are written on the reactants side of equation and the metal complex is written on the products side. For example, Co(II) ion reacts with 6 ammonia ligands to form the complex


The equilibrium constant is also called as the formation constant and is written as


Adding ammonium hydroxide to a saturated solution of silver chloride can be used to increase the concentration of dissolved silver as silver (from silver chloride) reacts with ammonia (from ammonium hydroxide) to form silver ammonia complex that is water soluble.

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