Question

1. Signaling cascades generally occur when a ______________ binds to its ______________ on a _______________. This creates a series of molecular switches that allows for reaction to stimuli. These reactions allow for ______________ and _________________, which regulate homeostasis in the body. (10pts)

2. A chemical reaction that utilizes energy to form macromolecules is _______________. They are broken down via ______________ reactions. DNA monomers are strung together via _______________(same as first blank) reactions and each nucleotide is bound covalently to the next via ________________ bonds. When a eukaryotic DNA molecule retires in a cell, it can be degraded by enzymes in a _____________ (same as second blank) reaction. This occurs in the _______________ similar to the degradation of proteins. (10pts)

Answer 1

1. Signaling cascades generally occur when a Ligand binds to its Receptor on a __cell surface. This creates a series of molecular switches that allows for reaction to stimuli. These reactions allow for gene expression and activation of enzyme which regulate homeostasis in the body. (10pts)

2. A chemical reaction that utilizes energy to form macromolecules is Dehydration_reaction. They are broken down via _hydrolysis reactions. DNA monomers are strung together via dehydration reaction (same as first blank) reactions and each nucleotide is bound covalently to the next via phosphodiester bonds. When a eukaryotic DNA molecule retires in a cell, it can be degraded by enzymes in a hydrolysis (same as second blank) reaction. This occurs in the apoptotic cell similar to the degradation of proteins. (10pts)