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GTP binding and hydrolysis are required for protein translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Describe one...

GTP binding and hydrolysis are required for protein translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Describe one step in the translocation process that requires GTP.

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Ans. The process of protein synthesis is known as translocation which is a 2 step process of intersubunit movement. The ribosomes have 3 binding sites for tRNA that is, the aminoacyl (A) site, peptidyl (P) site, and exit (E) site. In this process the ribosome moves one carbon along the mRNA (towards the 3' end) and one molecule of GTP is hydrolysed for each peptide bond formed. Translocation can be analysed as the series of binding equilibria shifted by one irreversible, GTP-consuming step. Thestep in which the mutant of EF-G is impaired with the guanosine triphosphate (GTP) hydrolysis, stabilizes it on the ribosome.

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