Question

1 A group of individuals decides to live in the wild. They buy a plot of land and grow a variety of vegetables including corn as a staple source of kilocalories. Which of the following culinary traditions that they adopt protects them from the deficiency disease pellagra?

They grow their food without the use of pesticides which can destroy the niacin in the corn.

They adopt a strict vegan diet, avoiding all animal products that can contaminate their body and destroy vitamins, particularly niacin.

They make corn tortillas, a process that frees the niacin bound to a protein in the corn, making the niacin more readily available.

They eat all their food raw to preserve the natural vitamins, particularly thiamin.

2. Which of the following nutrients is critically important for converting amino acids to energy and for synthesizing non-essential amino acids?

vitamin B12

thiamin

vitamin B6

niacin

3 Why did sailors prior to the 1800s suffer from a disease that caused old wounds to open?

They were deficient of vitamin C, which is necessary for collagen synthesis

They were deficient in vitamin B12, which is needed for skin integrity.

They were deficient in niacin, which is necessary skin integrity.

They had toxic levels B6, which caused a breakdown in collogen.

4 Which of the following statements regarding selenium is true?

Selenium content in foods depends on the soil conditions in which they were grown.

The RDA for selenium is set to maintain optimal activity of the enzyme glutathione peroxidase.

Selenium is required for regulation of thyroid hormones.

All of the above are true of selenium.

5 By which of the following mechanisms does iron contribute to energy needs of a healthy active person?

functioning of the TCA cycle during aerobic metabolism

exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide in hemoglobin and myoglobin

cytochrome participation in the electron transport chain leading to ATP synthesis

All of the above are important functions of iron.

Answer 1

1) They make corn tortillas, a process that frees the niacin bound to a protein in the corn, making the niacin more readily available.

• Niacin is a water soluble vitamin which helps in the metabolism of glucose,fat and alcohol to produce energy.deficiency of this vitamin causes pellegra which is identified by diarrhoea,dementia,inflamed skin and sores in the mouth.

2) Thiamin

• B-complex vitamins serve as co enzymes for energy metabolism .others include riboflavin,niacin,vit B6,folate,vit B12 and biotin.

3) They were deficient of vitamin C, which is necessary for collagen synthesis

• Vitamin C deficiency results in scurvy which results in poor wound healing.

4 )Selenium is required for regulation of thyroid hormones.

• Selinium aids in the conversion of thyroxine into its active component triiodothyroxine.

5) All of the above are important functions of iron.