Question

How do transcription factors regulate gene expression in Eukaryotes?

Answer 1

Transcription factors control gene expression by regulating the process of transcription. They do so by either turning the genes on or off. They also affect the rate of transcription by acting as activators or repressors.

In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase can attach to the promoter only with the help of proteins called transcription factors. They form the part of the cell's core transcription toolkit. Most of them bind near the promoter and can make it difficult or easy for the polymerase to bind.

When the protein as to be synthesized, transcription factors act as activators and increase the rate of transcription. This further increases translation process. Transcription factors have a specific DNA binding domain through which they attach to DNA.