Question

How does gene organization in prokaryotes and eukaryotes affect (influences, dictates, determines) gene expression?

Answer 1

The majority of genetic material is organized into chromosomes that contain the DNA that controls cellular activities. Prokaryotes are typically haploid, usually having a single circular chromosome found in the nucleoid. Eukaryotes are diploid; DNA is organized into multiple linear chromosomes found in the nucleus. This chromatin and histon remodeling influence the gene expresssion and regulates at transcriptional level.

Prokaryotic transcription and translation occur simultaneously in the cytoplasm, and regulation occurs at the transcriptional level. Eukaryotic gene expression is regulated during transcription and RNA processing, which take place in the nucleus, and during protein translation, which takes place in the cytoplasm.