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Explain the role or significance of each of the following in the process of translation: 5’...

Explain the role or significance of each of the following in the process of translation:

  • 5’ cap:
  • Kozak consensus sequence:
  • Stop codon:
  • Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase:
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Answer #1

5' cap - made up of 7-methylguanosine residue, provides stability to mRNA and helps it to initiate translation, protects the mRNA from degradation by cytoplasmic exonucleases

Kozak sequence - ribosomal binding site on mRNA in eukaryotes where small ribosomal subunit binds to mRNA to scan the mRNA for start codon

Stop codon - set of three bases where translation is terminated

Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase - enzyme responsible for the charging/activation of tRNA by addition of amino acid on it

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