Question

Case Studies Tasks:

Pauline - Pauline is a middle aged, obese women. She recently began having severe soreness in her abdomen and a lot of nausea. Pauline visited a specialist and the Doctor is leaning towards the diagnosis of pancreatitis due to a blockage. Pauline also happens to consume a diet that is low in protein and high in fat content.

1. Diagram and/or explain the anatomy of where the blockage would occur leading to pancreatitis.
2. What is causing the blockage specifically and why?

Anthony - Anthony lives in Western Washington and is currently staying at home due to Covid-19 Stay Home Stay Safe Order (he does not have the virus). Over the last couple weeks Antonio has experienced increased stress, fatigue, cravings for foods heavy in carbohydrates and fat, and a feeling of despair. Normally Anthony loves to exercise, socialize, and have fun, but lately he is much more likely to just lay down and sleep. His body feels heavy and lethargic and he has little motivation to go outside. Anthony has lived in Western WA for the past 14 months and prior to that he lived in California.

1. What hormone will his adrenal glands produce due to long term stress and how will that production impact his digestive system? In your answer, include a diagram explaining how the hormone will impact which macro-molecules are used for ATP production in Cellular Respiration and where those enter the Cellular Respiration process.
2. How will his decrease in sunshine impact absorption of certain materials in the small intestines and what type of systematic (rest of the body) effects will that have?

Jeffrey - Jeffrey recently decided he was going to change his eating habits and try to lose a significant amount of weight in a short amount of time. Jeff has chosen to decrease his carbohydrate intake to 2 grams/day, decrease his fat intake to near 0, and consume primarily proteins. Concerning Jeffrey, answer the following questions:

1. How will high levels of protein intake impact his GI tract?
2. Diagram the positive feedback loop that occurs in the GI tract that allows the body to begin to digest all of these proteins. Make sure to include all components of this process.

Answer 1

Acute Pancreatitis is a account for 3% of all case admitted in hospitaldue to abdominal pain

prognostic factor

1. age more then 55
2. partial presure of oxygen less then 8kpa
3. wbc more then 15*109/lit
4. albumin less then 32g/l
5. serum calcium less the 2mmol/l
6. glucose more then 10mmol/l
7. urea more then 16mmol/l
8. alt more then 200u/l
9. ldh more then 600u/l

cause of blockage is gall stone due to high fat gall stone formed

pathophysiology

alcohol misuse

hereditary pancreatitis

recurrent acute pancreatitis

gall stone

trauma

ductal adenocarcinoma

intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia