Question

23. A. As a result of low Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), most people with depression exhibit __________, __________, and __________:

            a. a larger than average hippocampus, improved learning, and increased production of hippocampal neurons.

            b. a smaller than average hippocampus, impaired learning, and reduced production of new hippocampal neurons.

            c. a smaller than average amygdala, impaired vision, and reduced dendritic branching.

            d. a smaller than average thalamus, impaired movement, and reduced axonal sprouting.

B. All of the following anatomical elements of the brain are implicated in some aspect of memory except __________:                        

a. the dorsal lateral pre-frontal cortex.

b. the hippocampus.              

c. the medulla.                      

d. the cerebellum.

C. Monogamous pine voles and polygynous montane voles are different in terms of        __________:

            a. size of hippocampus, size of home range, and spatial learning ability.

            b. size of hippocampus, size of VMH, and size of reproductive organs.

            c. size of home range, size of food caches, and length of hibernation period.

            d. size of VMH, spatial learning ability, and length of oestrus.

            e. a and b, but not c and d.

Answer 1

23 A -

(b)Solution-a smaller than average hippocampus, impaired learning,and reduced production of new hippocampal neuron.

LOW BDNF- May contribute to the atrophy of hippocampus that has been observed in depressied patient.

(a)Solution- The dorsal lateral prefronatal cortex

It is the part of frontal lobe of the brain.It is cognitive area and control higher functions

(e) Solution-a and b ,but not c and d

VMH-Ventromedial hypothesis is a small piece of the hypothalamus in the brain a large of functions that includes:sexual activity appetite suppression,fear responses and regulate the temperature.