Question

If we find that it is unlikely to observe the sample statistic that is actually observed if the null hypothesis is true, then we should

		fail to reject the null hypothesis.
		reject the null hypothesis.
		reject the alternative hypothesis.
		calculate a new sample statistic.

Answer 1

From a test, we find that it is unlikely to observe the sample statistic that is actually observed if the null hypothesis is true.

Now, we know that p-value is the probability of observing the sample statistic, when the null hypothesis is actually true.

So, our finding actually tells us that the p-value of the test is low.

Now, when we get a low p-value from our test of hypothesis, we conclude that we have enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis.

The correct answer is

option (B) Reject the null hypothesis.