Question

Come up with a denying the antecedent example and one affirming the consequent example. Break down your examples using the format below:

Denying the antecedent:

"If Joel had paid his taxes on time, he wouldn't be audited. But he didn't pay on time, so you know he's going to be audited."

If P, then Q. Not-P. Therefore, Not-Q.

(If P) If Joel had paid his taxes on time, (then Q) he wouldn't be audited. (Not-P) But he did not pay on time. (Therefore, Not-Q) So you know he's going to be audited.

Affirming the consequent:

"Otter hounds are crazy about water, just like that dog. That dog therefore is an otter hound.

If P, then Q. Q. Therefore, P.

(If P ) Otter hounds are crazy about water, (then Q) just like that dog. (Q) That dog (Therefore, P) therefore is an otter hound.

Answer 1

denying the antecedent is also called inverse error. it is reasoned in the form that if P then Q, therefore not P not Q. such arguments are invalid.

if men had set rules to regulate their life then they would have been no better than machines. there are no such rules s men are not machines.

If P, then Q. Not-P. Therefore, Not-Q

(If P) men had set rules to regulate life,( thenQ) they would be no better thn machines, (not P) no such rues, ( not Q) they are not machines.

affirming the consequent is also called converse error.it is reasoned in the form that if P implies Q, Q implies P. it might be invalid.

if taxes are lowered, I will have more money to spend. I have more money to spend therefore taxes must have been lowered.

(if P) if taxes are lowered, (then Q) I have more money to spend. (Q) more money to spend, (Therefore,P) taxxes must have been lowered.