Find and describe the direct observational evidence that sunspots are where intense magnetic fields exist in the photosphere? Two hints: This evidence also allows you to measure the strength of the magnetic fields and the effect is named after a Dutch physicist.
The effect is Zeeman Effect
Astronomers usually do this by observing the spectrum originating from the dark spots or magnetic sunspots. By measuring how much the spectral lines are split it is possible to know the strenght of magnetic field that is responsible for the splitting. It is possible to reproduce the strength of magnetic field by measuring the splitting.
The computations indicate that the magnetic field in the sunspots is much stronger than that on the rest of the sun's surface indicating that instrinsic magnetic field is strong.
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