Question

How does the rate of phonons being absorbed change as an atom being cooled by lasers...

How does the rate of phonons being absorbed change as an atom being cooled by lasers approaches a laser?

a. the rate increases

b. the rate decreases

c. the rate remains constant

d. the rate oscillates

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Answer #1

As we know that;

An atom moving away from the laser sees it red-shifted and does not absorb the photon

An atom moving towards the laser sees it blue-shifted and absorbs the photon, slowing the atom.

Then,

The photon excites the atom, moving an electron to a higher quantum state

So,

The atom re-emits a photon. As its direction is random, there is no net change in momentum over many absorption-emission cycles.so momentum is conserved only because rate is constant

So,

It's of higher level need lots of mechanism to understand . upto this level you can say momentum is conserved and hence rate is constant

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