Question

Describe how bar magnets produce a force on each other?

Answer 1

Magnets exert forces and torques on each other due to the rules of electromagnetism. The forces of attraction field of magnets are due to microscopic currents of electrically charged electrons orbiting nuclei and the intrinsic magnetism of fundamental particles (such as electrons) that make up the material.

It is often more convenient to model the force between two magnets as being due to forces between magnetic poles having magnetic charges 'smeared' over them. Positive and negative magnetic charge is always connected by a string of magnetized material, and isolated magnetic charge does not exist. This model works quite well in predicting the forces between simple magnets where good models of how the 'magnetic charge' is distributed are available.