Question

1. Please match the description with the method of measurement.

   -       A.       B.       C.       D.       E.       F.       G.       H.       I.       J.       K.	Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry
   -       A.       B.       C.       D.       E.       F.       G.       H.       I.       J.       K.	Hydrostatic weighing
   -       A.       B.       C.       D.       E.       F.       G.       H.       I.       J.       K.	Bioelectrical impedance analysis
   -       A.       B.       C.       D.       E.       F.       G.       H.       I.       J.       K.	Air displacement plethysmography
   -       A.       B.       C.       D.       E.       F.       G.       H.       I.       J.       K.	Direct calorimetry
   -       A.       B.       C.       D.       E.       F.       G.       H.       I.       J.       K.	Indirect calorimetry
   -       A.       B.       C.       D.       E.       F.       G.       H.       I.       J.       K.	Computed tomography
   -       A.       B.       C.       D.       E.       F.       G.       H.       I.       J.       K.	Magnetic resonance imaging
   -       A.       B.       C.       D.       E.       F.       G.       H.       I.       J.       K.	Doubly labeled water
   -       A.       B.       C.       D.       E.       F.       G.       H.       I.       J.       K.	Skinfold thickness
   -       A.       B.       C.       D.       E.       F.       G.       H.       I.       J.       K.	Ultrasound

   A.	Gold standard method for measuring bone mineral density
   B.	Accurately measures total energy expenditure in free living individuals.
   C.	Requires specialized equipment to capture the body’s heat output
   D.	Estimates total body water to predict fat free mass
   E.	Measures body volume and is suitable for children and elderly
   F.	Estimates heat production through pulmonary gas exchange
   G.	Measures body density, but accuracy relies heavily on high subject compliance
   H.	Measures visceral adipose tissue without ionizing radiation
   I.	Commonly used method for indirectly estimating percent body fat in clinical and field settings
   J.	Portable imaging technique that estimtes intra-abdominal fat
   K.	Can distinguish between types of fat, but not safe for pregnant women

Answer 1

#In order to assess the bone density ,it's loss and the minerals in it, the DEXA scan is a gold standard test

Ans:Dual energy X ray absorptiometry=Gold standard method for measuring bone mineral density

#Hydrostatic weighing means the entire body is subjected under water. It is accurate to read the body fat amount . The weight taken on land and water is subtracted to get the body fat .

Ans:Hydrostatic weighing :Estimate total body water to predict fat free mass

#Bioelectrical impedance uses electricity to be passed via the body to rule out the body composition .Here the compliance I'd required for accuracy

Ans#Bioelectrical impedance analysis:Measures body density, but accuracy relies on high subject compliance

#Air displacement plethysmography is opposite to hydrostatic weighing measure. Here the air is used to assess the body composition. It is safe to be used on children ,elderly population

Ans:Air displacement plethysmography:Measures body volume and is suitable for children and elderly

#Direct calorimeter measures the heat generated by the human body bit under specialised room with appropriate equipments

Ans:Direct calorimeter:Requires specialised equipments to capture body's heat output

Indirect calorimeter measures the heat which is generated in the human body through the respiratory system mainly the carbon dioxide and the oxygen level

Ans:Indirect calorimeter:Estimayes heat productions through pulmonary gas exchange

Computed tomography is used to measure the fat especially in the abdominal area

Ans:Computed tomography :Portable imaging technique that estimates intra-abdominal fat

#The MRI scan can measure the different types of fats ,muscle and tissue. It is unsafe to use in pregnancy because of its high radiation properties

Ans:Magnetic resource imaging:can distinguish between types of fat ,but not safe in pregnant women

#Doubly labelled water method is used in clinical and in field setup to assess the metabolic rate

Ans:Doubly labelled water:Commonly used method to for indirectly measuring the body fat in clinical and filed settings

#Skinfold thickness is used to measure body fat in fee living individuals

Ans:Skinfold thickness :Accurately measures total energy expenditure in free living individuals

#Ultrasound scan uses non ionising radiation and used to measure the adipose tissue

Ans:Ultrasound:Measures visceral adipose tissue without ionising radiation