Question

How do you manage malaria with various therapeutic agent ? Explain them with mechanism of action and safety profile ?

Answer 1

Various therapeutic agents that are used to manage malaria:

S.No.	Therapy Type	Drugs used
1.	Blood schizonticidal drugs	Chloroquine, quinine, artemisinin combinations
2.	Tissue schizonticidal drugs	Primaquine
3.	Gametocytocidal drugs	Primaquine for P. falciparum, Chloroquine

1. The action of chloroquine:

Inhibition of the formation of hemozoin (Hz) from the heme released by the digestion of hemoglobin (Hb) is the major acton of chloroquine. The free heme then lyses membranes and leads to parasite death. Chloroquine resistance is due to a decreased accumulation of chloroquine in the food vacuole.

2. The action of Primaquine:

It eliminates hypnozoites, the dormant liver form of the parasite, after the organisms have been cleared from the bloodstream.