Question

Using examples from the case, outline the characteristics of Cuba’s economic system under Fidel Castro’s rule.

Answer 1

Ans:-

the nation of Cuba suffer significant economic, political, and social changes under the rule of fidel castro's.

In the Cuban Revolution, Castro and an associated group of revolutionaries toppled the ruling government of Fulgencio Batista, forcing Batista out of power on 1 January 1959. Castro, who had already been an important figure in Cuban society, went on to serve as Prime Minister from 1959 to 1976. He was also the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba, the most senior position in the Communist state from 1961 to 2011. In 1976, Castro officially became President of the Council of State and President of the Council of Ministers.

Castro died of natural causes in late 2016 in Havana. Even after his death, Castro's ideas continue to be the foundation of Cuban government by his younger brother roan Castro.

In the castro's Cuba faced the worst situation short of open war, and that the country might have to resort to subsistence farming. By 1992, the Cuban economy had declined by over 40% in under two years, with major food shortages, widespread malnutrition and a lack of basic goods.

characteristics of Cuba’s economic system under Fidel Castro’s rule.

1.Charismatic revolution

The Cuban missile crisis of 1962 propelled Fidel Castro to worldwide prominence.

Over the past half century, the Castros have often cut powerful figures on the global stage, their foreign policy dominated by a cold war enmity with the US and their projection of a charismatic revolution through Latin America and Africa.

Fidel’s longevity — outlasting 11 US presidents — often won him the respect of Latin American leaders. European, African and Asian politicians played court too. Yet intellectuals such as Susan Sontag and Mario Vargas Llosa broke with Havana from the late 1960s onwards over increasing repression and censorship.

The end of the Soviet Union, and also Soviet subsidies, marked a dramatic scaling back of Cuba’s ambitions. These enjoyed a renewed lease of life in the 2000s thanks to Venezuelan socialist president, Hugo Chávez, who provided Havana with an economic lifeline via subsidised oil, but Venezuela has since fallen into a severe political and economic crisis, taking Cuba down with it.

2.Battered and broken

Cuba’s Soviet-style economy, battered by hurricanes and hurt by dwindling aid from crisis-ridden Venezuela, is in trouble.

Despite some reforms launched by Raúl Castro 10 years ago when he became president, which have led to the creation of 580,000 private licences and self-employed businesses, the economy is a third smaller than it was in 1985, according to a study led by Pavel Vidal, a Cuban economist in Colombia.

Inequality is also widening. The state, reluctant to cede control, has seemingly cracked down on private businesses. The poor state of the economy is exacerbated by state wages worth only $20 a month as well as cuts in subsidies and pensions.

Although tourist arrivals have doubled in 10 years, imports have shrunk from $15bn in 2013 to $10bn in 2016, forcing ever greater scarcity.

3.Distant shores

One of the biggest indictments of the Castros’ rule has been the sheer number of Cubans who live elsewhere.

While Cuba’s population is 11m, another 2m live abroad. Remittances do, however, provide a boost to the Cuban economy: émigrés send more than $3bn a year to relatives on the island.

4.Longer lives

For the Castros’ defenders, one of the achievements of the revolution was investment in education and social services.

The country boasts high literacy rates and has a much-vaunted health system.

But critics have questioned the validity of the data, and poor economic performance has forced cuts in education and social services. Official figures show the social sector has shrunk 8 per cent since 2008. However cuba had fared Under the castro's rule.