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Carbohydrate Structures: a. Draw the Fischer projection structures of all of the trioses. b. How is...

Carbohydrate Structures: a. Draw the Fischer projection structures of all of the trioses. b. How is the D or L configuration determined? c. What are hemiacetals and hemiketals? d. Draw -D-fructopyranose. e. Draw the Haworth projections of the two pyranose forms of D-glucose. f. Draw the structure of maltose. Identify the monosaccharides involved and identify the type of linkage in maltose. Compare the structures of amylopectin and amylose

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a. Shown below the fischer projection for all triose

b. D- and L- configuration relates to confirguation of sugars at last chiral carbon. The last carbon configuration of sugars matching with the R-configuration of R-glyceraldehyde are names as D- and ones matching with the S-configuration of glyceraldehyde are called L- sugars.

c. hemiacetal are derrivatives of aldehyde with a molecule of alcohol in it. On the other hand hemiketal is a derrrivative of a ketone with one molecule of alcohol in it.

d. Drawn below the structure for D-fructopyranose

e. Given below are the two alpha and the beta forms of D-glucose in Haworth projections.

f. Structure of maltose is shown below. The monsaccharide unit is glucose. Maltose has two glucose units in it joined together by an ether linkage, which is shown by red circle in the figure below. Amylopectin on the other hand is a polysaccharide of glucose. It is highly branched. On the othe rhand, amylose is a polysaccharide of glucose which is not branched.

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