Question

Write  the mechanism by which a drug resistant strain of a pathogen is evolved , and also...

Write  the mechanism by which a drug resistant strain of a pathogen is evolved , and also write the mechanism by which the drug resistant gene spreads among bacterial populations? You just need to write the names of the mechanisms.

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here we can take the example of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. it is a pathogenic strain cause tuberculosis disease. drug resistance is emerged mainly due to the use of streptomycins as monotherapy. there are mainly two mechanisms invented . one is intrinsic drug resistance and other is acquired drug resistance. acquired resistance is attained by the horizontal gene transfer by the mobile genetic elements ( plasmids). intrinsic resistance is occurred due to the traditional/ natural reasons.

the example of drug resistance strain spreads among bacterial population is Pneumococci strains. the resistance against flouroquinolones occurring due to the accumulated mutation within the bacterial genome. the resistance against macrolide antibiotics of Pneumococci is occurred due to the mutation in domain II and IV. the mutation of 23s rRNA is also cause the resistance against this antibiotics.

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