Question

1. Bacterial evolved quorum sensing which allows bacteria of the same type to function like a multicellular organism.

a. What molecules are needed for quorum sensing?

b. How might these molecules have evolved? *do not include examples in the answer*

2. Explain how simple multicellular organisms might have evolved into more complex multicellular organism, making sure to clearly define the challenges and mechanisms involved *do no include examples in the answer*

3. Using what you know about evolutionary mechanisms and bacteria/archaeal biology,

a. Explain how bacterial strains can become resistant to antibiotics

b. Explain how archaea can become adapted to extreme environments

Answer 1

Ans-1-A the molecule which are needed for the quorum sensing are LuxP, inducer AI-2 , Farnesol, lactonases etc. All the above molecules are needed in different organisms for the quorum sensing.

Ans-1-B according to the literature the gene responsible for the quorum sensing were present previously in various microorganisms but they were either in inactive state or they were performing some other evolution. The various requirements of these microorganisms have switched them on or switch their function as quorum sensing.