Question

Explain with examples—latitudinal gradients.

Answer 1

Species diversity: According to the biological species concept, a biological species is the one in which, organisms can have interbred and produce the viable offspring. A community contains different species. Species diversity is the number of different species present in a particular community.

The higher biodiversity occurring from the polar region to the tropical region is referred to as the “latitudinal diversity gradient or LDG.” In the ecosystem, it is generally observed that the lower altitudes have higher species richness than the higher latitudes. This can be observed in many plant and animal species.

For example, the number of snake species in Canada is 22, while there are 126 snake species in the United States, and this number is 293 in Mexico.