Question

Outline the similarities and differences between combined first trimester screening (CFTS) and non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT).

(2 paragraphs max)

Answer 1

Combined First Trimester Screening test can identify a pregnancy with a chance of Edward syndrome, Down syndrome, Patau Syndrome or birth defects like heart problems. It is performed between 11-13 weeks of gestation. It combines an ultrasound scan along with a blood test. This test is 85% accurate and 5% women have a false positive result.

NIPT is also used in genetic screening. It is a blood test. In NIPT, small cell free DNA are analyzed which are passed from baby's placenta to the mother's bloodstream. NIPT compared to CFTS has higher detection rates, lower false positive rates. It can be done at 10th week of pregnancy. Along with the genetic disorders, it also helps in the detection of sex of the unborn baby. It also detects sex chromosome abnormalities like Turner's Syndrome.